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TaipingRebellion.com

 

 

 

Time Line of the Taiping Rebellion

 

 

 

Year

Events in China

World

1813

Birth of Hong Xiuquan

 

1827

Hong attempts Canton civil service exam for the first time at age 14

 

1834

East India monooply on China trade ends, exports of opium to China greatly increase

 

1833

Hong recieves Christian tract from Liang Afa while at Canton taking a civil service exam

 

1836

Hong fails exams third time, has nervous breakdown in a delerium for 40 days, then seems to return to normal

 

1839

1839-42 Opium War

Lin Zexu bans the import of opium

British seize Hong Kong

 

1840

 

 

1841

British captured the Bogue forts , attack Ningbo

 

1842

Treaty of Nanking China opened more to opium trafficing and missionaries,

 

1843

Hong rereads the Christian tracts  Liang Afa gave him in 1833, becomes convinced they explain his visions of 1836 and he has a divine mission, fails exam again and becomes angry at the whole system, determines not to study for exams any more

Hong converts Hong Rengan and Feng Yunshan

 

1844

Hong Xiuquan and Feng Yunshun leave for Guangxi

 

Hong converts around 100 in the Sigu village area of Guangxi, returns to his village in Guangdong.

 

 Feng goes to the Thistle mountain region,

( Zejin Shan ) Guangxi

 

1845

Hong returns to teaching, writes books about how China lost contact with the Heavenly God

 

1846

Hong invited to see Rev. Issachar roberts in Canton

 

1847

Hong Xiuquan studies with Rev.Roberts in Canton, then travels to Guangxi to visit Feng Yunshun, robbed on the way, but still makes it to Thistle Mt. Guangxi, convinced God is protecting him.

 

Now over 1,000 converts at thistle Mt

 

Becomes more Anti-Confucianist

 

Destroys King Gan idol

 

1848

Yang Xiuqing, a Hakka charcoal maker becomes voice of God the Father when in a trance state, Hong accepts this.

 

Xiao Chaogui, a Hakka farmer, becomes the voice of Jesus

American Gold rush

Revolutions Across Europe

Karl Marx publishes communist Manifesto

1849

Hong Xiuquan returns home, learns his father had died. Allows his hair in front to grow, which is required by Manchus for morning,returns to Thistle Mt

Hong's son Tiangui born

 

1850

God worshipers on Thistle Mt form an army

Hong brings family to Thistle Mt.

Dec. local militia start looking for leaders of the God Worshippers

Fighting breaks out between the Hakkas and Bendi (natives) of Kwangxi, many join the Taipings for protection

 

1851

Taiping forces now at an estimated 10,000 with Triad allies

Jan 1 Battle of Jintian, Qing  forces are defeated with

Massive Huang He Flooding starts Nian Rebellion

Jan 11 Hong Xiuquan declares the Heavenly Kingdom

Aug, Taipings decide to breakout of the thistle Mt area

Sept24, Taipings take Yongan

1851-64 Nian Rebellion

 

 

1852

Taiping forces leave Yongan

Taipings beiege Guilin 33 days, but unable to take it

May 23, Taipings enter Xingan

May 24, Feng mortally wounded at Quanzhou,

Jun3, Quanzhou sacked

Swpt 17 Xiao Chaogui killed at Chenzhou

Nov Siege of Changsha abandoned

 

1853

Jan 12  Wuchang falls to Taipings

Feb 10  Taipings leave Wuchang

March 19  Nanjing taken

May Taiping Northern expedition starts

Sept Northern Exp reaches Chili

July Trian uprising takes Amoy (Xiamen)

Sept Small Swords seize much of Shanghai

Oct Northern Exp force captures Qing hai, 20 miles from Tianjin

Oct 30 Taiping attack on Tianjin repulsed with great loss Winter HQ set up at Qing hai

Nov Triad army evacuates Xiamen

Dec Yang Xiuqing begins to speak as the voice of God

Anqing, Anhui taken by Taipings

Crimean War 1853-6

1854

 

 

1855

March Taiping Northern expedition wiped out at Lianzhen

Shi Dakai defeats Zeng Guofan at Battle of Hukou at Lake Boyang

Huang He changes course devastating Jiangsu

 

1856

Second Opium War 1856-60

June Yang wins great victory against Qing army besieging Nanjing 10,000 Qing troops killed , Qing commander Xiang Rong dies

 

Sept -Oct Tianjing Incident  Yang Hsiu-ching, Wei Chang hui killed, est 10,000-100,000 died in the fighting, after death of Yang, Hong only trusts family

 

1857

Summer Shi Dakai departs Nanjing, never to return

Sepoy Mutiny 

1858

March  The Qing Jiangnan Army Group(江南大營) begins siege of Nanjing with 200,000-routed by Li Xiucheng in May 1860

May 28 Treaty of Aigun Russia gained the left bank of the Amur River

Nov 7-18 Battle of Sanhe Hunan Army of Zeng guofan defeated

 

1859

June Taku forts near Beijing bombarded

 

1860

Yantai and Dalian captured by English/French

 

 Russia offers to bombard Nanjing with a naval squadron, Qing court declines

 

May-June 2 Armies of Li Xiucheng and Shi Dakai break siege of Nanjing by the large Jisngnan force during a snowstorm, Qing forces lose an estimated 60,000 men, takes Suzhou

 

June Ward starts Ever Victorious Army

 

July Ward captures Sung-Chiang

 

Aug Taiping attack on Shanghai repulsed

 

Sept 21 Battle of Palikao Qing army defeated outside Beijing by Brit/French

 

Oct 6 Brit/French enter Beijing

Summer Palace sacked

 

Dec British and French tell Taipings to not advance within 30 miles of Shanghai, which they agree to for a year

 

1861

Feb Sir James Hope takes a squadron to Nanjing to learn more about the Taipings

Taipings promise not to come with 30 miles of Shanghai, British open 3 consulates in Taiping territory, British pledge to continue neutrality

March Taipings reopen Yangtze to trade, after closing it after the Shanghai attack

Aug Emperor XianFeng dies Tongzhi new empero

Sept Prince Kung coup

Dec 6 Taipings take Ningpo

Dec 29 Taipings take Hangzhou

April 12 Fort Sumter fired upon

1862

Jan Li Xiucheng launches attack on Shanghai

June Li Xiucheng gives up attacking Shanghai, retreats to Suzhou

Sept Ward dies at Battle of Cixi

 

1863

Jan Burgevine dismissed and changes side, Gordon takes command of the EVA

June 13 Shi Dakai surrenders in Sichuan, then executed

Nov Suzhou taken with the ever Victorious Army under Gordon

July 1-3 Battle of Gettysburg

1864

June 1 Hong Xiuquan dies, son Tiangui Fu becomes Taiping king

  July 19 Nanjing sacked by Qing troops, most population of 100,000 killed Tiangui Fu and Hong Rengan escape, Li Xiucheng captured and executed

Oct 9 Hong Rengan captured in Shicheng, Jiangxi, executed  at Nanchang, Jiangxi Nov 23

Oct 25  Tiangui Fu captured in Shicheng, Jiangxi, executed  at Nanchang, Jiangxi Nov  18

 

1865

Qing General Senggelinqi defeated and killed by Nian rebels at Battle of Goulawjai,

April 16 The Tou Wang or Yellow Tiger takes Zhangzhou, Fujian, soon leaves and marches to Jiangxi, where he takes Ganzhou. Soon Qing forces take it and he disappears

April 9, 1865 Lees surrenders

1866

 

 

1867

 

 

1868

Lai Wenkwok  tries to revive Taiping movement with Nian rebels, captured and executed

 

            1871

The last remaining Taiping army, under the command of General Li Fuzhong (李福忠) is defeated