TaipingRebellion.com 太平天囯 Tai Ping Tian Guo
Time Line of the Taiping Rebellion
Year |
Events in China |
World |
1813 |
Birth of Hong Xiuquan |
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1827 |
Hong attempts Canton civil service exam for the first time at age 14 |
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1834 |
East India monooply on China trade ends, exports of opium to China greatly increase |
|
1833 |
Hong recieves Christian tract from Liang Afa while at Canton taking a civil service exam |
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1836 |
Hong fails exams third time, has nervous breakdown in a delerium for 40 days, then seems to return to normal |
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1839 |
1839-42 Opium War Lin Zexu bans the import of opium British seize Hong Kong |
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1840 |
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1841 |
British captured the Bogue forts , attack Ningbo |
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1842 |
Treaty of Nanking China opened more to opium trafficing and missionaries, |
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1843 |
Hong rereads the Christian tracts Liang Afa gave him in 1833, becomes convinced they explain his visions of 1836 and he has a divine mission, fails exam again and becomes angry at the whole system, determines not to study for exams any more Hong converts Hong Rengan and Feng Yunshan |
|
1844 |
Hong Xiuquan and Feng Yunshun leave for Guangxi
Hong converts around 100 in the Sigu village area of Guangxi, returns to his village in Guangdong.
Feng goes to the Thistle mountain region, ( Zejin Shan ) Guangxi |
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1845 |
Hong returns to teaching, writes books about how China lost contact with the Heavenly God |
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1846 |
Hong invited to see Rev. Issachar roberts in Canton |
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1847 |
Hong Xiuquan studies with Rev.Roberts in Canton, then travels to Guangxi to visit Feng Yunshun, robbed on the way, but still makes it to Thistle Mt. Guangxi, convinced God is protecting him.
Now over 1,000 converts at thistle Mt
Becomes more Anti-Confucianist
Destroys King Gan idol |
|
1848 |
Yang Xiuqing, a Hakka charcoal maker becomes voice of God the Father when in a trance state, Hong accepts this.
Xiao Chaogui, a Hakka farmer, becomes the voice of Jesus |
American Gold rush Revolutions Across Europe Karl Marx publishes communist Manifesto |
1849 |
Hong Xiuquan returns home, learns his father had died. Allows his hair in front to grow, which is required by Manchus for morning,returns to Thistle Mt Hong's son Tiangui born |
|
1850 |
God worshipers on Thistle Mt form an army Hong brings family to Thistle Mt. Dec. local militia start looking for leaders of the God Worshippers Fighting breaks out between the Hakkas and Bendi (natives) of Kwangxi, many join the Taipings for protection |
|
1851 |
Taiping forces now at an estimated 10,000 with Triad allies Jan 1 Battle of Jintian, Qing forces are defeated with Massive Huang He Flooding starts Nian Rebellion Jan 11 Hong Xiuquan declares the Heavenly Kingdom Aug, Taipings decide to breakout of the thistle Mt area Sept24, Taipings take Yongan |
1851-64 Nian Rebellion
|
1852 |
Taiping forces leave Yongan Taipings beiege Guilin 33 days, but unable to take it May 23, Taipings enter Xingan May 24, Feng mortally wounded at Quanzhou, Jun3, Quanzhou sacked Swpt 17 Xiao Chaogui killed at Chenzhou Nov Siege of Changsha abandoned |
|
1853 |
Jan 12 Wuchang falls to Taipings Feb 10 Taipings leave Wuchang March 19 Nanjing taken May Taiping Northern expedition starts Sept Northern Exp reaches Chili July Trian uprising takes Amoy (Xiamen) Sept Small Swords seize much of Shanghai Oct Northern Exp force captures Qing hai, 20 miles from Tianjin Oct 30 Taiping attack on Tianjin repulsed with great loss Winter HQ set up at Qing hai Nov Triad army evacuates Xiamen Dec Yang Xiuqing begins to speak as the voice of God Anqing, Anhui taken by Taipings |
Crimean War 1853-6 |
1854 |
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1855 |
March Taiping Northern expedition wiped out at Lianzhen Shi Dakai defeats Zeng Guofan at Battle of Hukou at Lake Boyang Huang He changes course devastating Jiangsu |
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1856 |
Second Opium War 1856-60 June Yang wins great victory against Qing army besieging Nanjing 10,000 Qing troops killed , Qing commander Xiang Rong dies
Sept -Oct Tianjing Incident Yang Hsiu-ching, Wei Chang hui killed, est 10,000-100,000 died in the fighting, after death of Yang, Hong only trusts family |
|
1857 |
Summer Shi Dakai departs Nanjing, never to return |
Sepoy Mutiny |
1858 |
March The Qing Jiangnan Army Group(江南大營) begins siege of Nanjing with 200,000-routed by Li Xiucheng in May 1860 May 28 Treaty of Aigun Russia gained the left bank of the Amur River Nov 7-18 Battle of Sanhe Hunan Army of Zeng guofan defeated |
|
1859 |
June Taku forts near Beijing bombarded |
|
1860 |
Yantai and Dalian captured by English/French
Russia offers to bombard Nanjing with a naval squadron, Qing court declines
May-June 2 Armies of Li Xiucheng and Shi Dakai break siege of Nanjing by the large Jisngnan force during a snowstorm, Qing forces lose an estimated 60,000 men, takes Suzhou
June Ward starts Ever Victorious Army
July Ward captures Sung-Chiang
Aug Taiping attack on Shanghai repulsed
Sept 21 Battle of Palikao Qing army defeated outside Beijing by Brit/French
Oct 6 Brit/French enter Beijing Summer Palace sacked
Dec British and French tell Taipings to not advance within 30 miles of Shanghai, which they agree to for a year |
|
1861 |
Feb Sir James Hope takes a squadron to Nanjing to learn more about the Taipings Taipings promise not to come with 30 miles of Shanghai, British open 3 consulates in Taiping territory, British pledge to continue neutrality March Taipings reopen Yangtze to trade, after closing it after the Shanghai attack Aug Emperor XianFeng dies Tongzhi new empero Sept Prince Kung coup Dec 6 Taipings take Ningpo Dec 29 Taipings take Hangzhou |
April 12 Fort Sumter fired upon |
1862 |
Jan Li Xiucheng launches attack on Shanghai June Li Xiucheng gives up attacking Shanghai, retreats to Suzhou Sept Ward dies at Battle of Cixi |
|
1863 |
Jan Burgevine dismissed and changes side, Gordon takes command of the EVA June 13 Shi Dakai surrenders in Sichuan, then executed Nov Suzhou taken with the ever Victorious Army under Gordon |
July 1-3 Battle of Gettysburg |
1864 |
June 1 Hong Xiuquan dies, son Tiangui Fu becomes Taiping king July 19 Nanjing sacked by Qing troops, most population of 100,000 killed Tiangui Fu and Hong Rengan escape, Li Xiucheng captured and executed Oct 9 Hong Rengan captured in Shicheng, Jiangxi, executed at Nanchang, Jiangxi Nov 23 Oct 25 Tiangui Fu captured in Shicheng, Jiangxi, executed at Nanchang, Jiangxi Nov 18 |
|
1865 |
Qing General Senggelinqi defeated and killed by Nian rebels at Battle of Goulawjai,
April 16 The Tou Wang or Yellow Tiger takes Zhangzhou, Fujian, soon leaves and marches to Jiangxi, where he takes Ganzhou. Soon Qing forces take it and he disappears |
April 9, 1865 Lees surrenders |
1866 |
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1867 |
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1868 |
Lai Wenkwok tries to revive Taiping movement with Nian rebels, captured and executed |
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1871 |
The last remaining Taiping army, under the command of General Li Fuzhong (李福忠) is defeated |
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